Description
Object description
Collection of 53 loose photographic prints relating to the Royal Air Force service of Wing Commander Reginald Patrick Mahoney 'Pat' Gibbs DSO DFC & Bar with 22 Squadron and 39 Squadron during the Second World War. The majority of prints are aerial photographs taken from Gibbs's aircraft, and/or possibly other aircraft from his squadron, during combat operations with 39 Squadron from July to September 1942, depicting the results of torpedo strikes on enemy shipping as well as 39 Squadron Beauforts in flight (photographs dated: 3, 21, 24, 28 July 1942; 17, 20, 21, 28, 30 August 1942; 6, 9 September 1942), with additional aerial photographs taken during a 22 Squadron operation on 12 September 1941 in Norway and taken from No. 5 METS aircraft in September and November 1942). Additional loose prints include: Air Ministry press print of Gibbs shortly after being awarded a Bar to his DFC, 24 June 1942; group photograph of 'B' Flight, 39 Squadron, in front of a Bristol Beaufort, summer 1942; Gibbs with actress Muriel Pavlow at Buckingham Palace following the award of his DSO, September 1942; portrait photograph of Gibbs in RAF Service Dress and Field Service cap, wearing the ribbons of the DSO and DFC.
Also includes a scrapbook relating to 22 Squadron, Royal Air Force, covering 1938 to 1940 inclusive. Pasted to the pages are photographs of 22 Squadron personnel and aircraft, aerial photographs of operations undertaken on 28 and 29 November 1940, news clippings relating to the squadron, and items of paper ephemera such as cards and a menu.
Physical description
53 loose prints and a grey-brown cloth-covered scrapbook bound together by a length of brown cord.
History note
Reginald Patrick Mahoney 'Pat' Gibbs, born 2 April 1915 in Penarth, Wales, was commissioned as an officer in the Royal Air Force in 1936. Following a two year secondment to the Fleet Air Arm and a period as an instructor at the Torpedo Training School at Gosport, from October 1940 Gibbs flew anti-shipping operations with 22 Squadron, Coastal Command, in the North Sea as well as bombing raids on the Biscay ports, and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross in September 1941 (see OMD 8962). On 27 April 1942, he was posted to 39 Squadron at Sidi Barrani, Egypt, a Bristol Beaufort squadron which was heavily depleted following a disastrous raid on an enemy convoy on 14 April, in which 17 of the squadron's aircrew were reported killed or missing.
Initially given command of 'A' Flight, his first successful strike on a convoy took place on the morning of 4 June, when his Beaufort's torpedo made contact with the Italian 6,847-ton merchant ship 'Reginaldo Trieste', which subsequently sunk. On 15 June, the squadron was detailed to attack the Italian fleet as part of Operation Julius, which sought to relieve the island of Malta via two convoys sailing from Gibraltar and Alexandria. The squadron were attacked by Bf 109s en route to their target, with two Beauforts being shot down and five more having to turn back owing to damage. Gibbs and the four remaining Beauforts carried on, and attacked the Italian fleet when they located it 250 miles east of Malta. Gibbs sustained damage from heavy anti-aircraft fire during his torpedo strike, and was forced to crash-land on Malta. For his role in both strikes, Gibbs was awarded a Bar to his Distinguished Flying Cross (see OMD 8962).
From 22 June 1942, Gibbs led a detachment of five 39 Squadron Beauforts from Malta, having realised that this would put them in closer range to Axis shipping lanes. Operating with Beauforts from 217 Squadron, this composite unit delivered several successful strikes against enemy shipping from late June and into July. On 21 July, Gibbs was promoted to Wing Commander and given temporary command of all Beauforts on Malta, which operated from Luqa aerodrome and now included additional Beauforts from 86 Squadron. Gibbs continued to lead several successful strikes on enemy shipping from Malta into August, flying his final operation on 30 August when he sunk the Italian oil tanker 'San Andrea'.
The attacks that Gibbs led and was involved in from June to August 1942 were incredibly dangerous as they were typically carried out from a very low level while under heavy anti-aircraft fire and/or enemy fighter attacks. As a result, 39 Squadron lost several crews and aircraft, while Gibbs himself was forced to crash-land twice. The mental strain from the constant danger he experienced, as well as losing many men under his command, saw Gibbs relieved from flying duties and rested from 11 September 1942. On 18 September 1942, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (see OMD 8963). After working a desk job at the Air Ministry, he was invalided out of the RAF on medical grounds in February 1944.
After the war, Gibbs became a film and theatre critic for the Daily Telegraph. He wrote two memoirs of his Second World War service: 'Not Peace, But a Sword' (1943) and 'Torpedo Leader' (1992), of which there are copies of both in the IWM library.