The Battle of Britain

The battle begins, summer 1940
The battle begins, summer 1940

After defeating France in June 1940, Hitler assumed Britain would sue for peace but ordered his armed forces to prepare for invasion. Hermann Goering assured him that a sustained air assault would destroy the RAF, winning the air superiority needed.
A Heinkel He 111 bomber flying over London, September 1940
A Heinkel He 111 bomber flying over London, September 1940

July 1940 saw German planes target shipping in the Channel, drawing the RAF into combat, before radar stations, communications centres and airfields faced round-the-clock bombing in August. The battle reached a climax with attacks on London in September.
The Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF)
The Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF)

Joan 'Elizabeth' Mortimer, Elspeth Henderson and Helen Turner of the WAAF. All three received the Military Medal for courageous conduct during attacks on Biggin Hill airfield. Biggin Hill suffered a total of ten major attacks between 30 Aug and 5 Sept.
Non-British personnel in the RAF
Non-British personnel in the RAF

A group of pilots of No. 303 (Polish) Squadron RAF return from a sortie. The first Polish squadrons were formed in the summer of 1940. Pilots came from several other countries, including Australia, Canada, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand and the USA.
Sector 'G' Operations Room at RAF Duxford
Sector 'G' Operations Room at RAF Duxford

RAF Duxford was a Sector Station in 12 Group, responsible for defending the Midlands and East Anglia. As the fighting intensified, Duxford's squadrons were called on to support 11 Group's defence of London and the south-east.
Hawker Hurricane Mk Is of No. 85 Squadron RAF
Hawker Hurricane Mk Is of No. 85 Squadron RAF

Despite incessant attacks, the RAF's defences held. The Luftwaffe could not continue, and in the autumn switched to 'nuisance' raids and night operations. The failure to defeat the RAF convinced Hitler to postpone his invasion plans indefinitely.

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Il Lavoro - Ecco il Nuovo Dovere! [Work - That's the New Duty!]
(posters) Made by: Buccomo, G (artist) 1918
whole: the image occupies the majority, with the title integrated and positioned in the lower left, in white outlined black. The text is separate and positioned in the lower quarter, in black and in red, set against a grey background. image: three-...
Italian Alpini Resting, 1918
(art) Made by: Carline, Sydney W 1918
image: three Italian Alpine troops rest in a rocky gully, their rifles stacked together leaning against a rocky wall to theright. Two are wearing traditional Tyrolean Alpine hats, the other wears a fatigue cap.
Italian Alpini Resting, 1918
(art) Made by: Carline, Sydney W 1918
image: a sketch of three Italian Alpine troops resting. Two are wearing traditional Tyrolean Alpine hats, the other wears a fatigue cap.
Italian Alpini Digging a Trench, 1918
(art) Made by: Carline, Sydney W 1918
image: a sketch of four Italian Alpine troops digging a trench in a steep and wooded hillside. Three figures stand in the trench situated between two trees, one with his spade raised in the act of digging. The fourth stands above them on the edge of the...
Banco di Roma [Bank of Rome]
(posters) Made by: Craffonara, Aurelio (artist) 1917
whole: the image is positioned in the upper two-thirds. The title and text are positioned in the lower third, in white, set against a black background. image: a depiction of the high-angled barrels of Italian heavy howitzers, spouting flames against a...
Banco di Roma [Bank of Rome]
(posters) Made by: Craffonara, Aurelio (artist) 1917
whole: the image occupies the upper three-quarters. A smaller image is positioned in the lower left, held within a narrow black border. The title and text are separate and positioned in the lower quarter, in green. Further text is separate and positioned...
Fucile di Fanteria M1870/87/15 & Vetterli-Vitali M70/87/15
(weapons and ammunition)
The Italian Model 1870/87/15 rifle was an emergency weapon, adopted to meet a shortage of rifles, following Italy's entry into the First World War. It was an adaptation of the obsolete 1870/87 rifle (see FIR 8152) to the standard 6.5mm cartridge. The...
Italian POW, Tobruk, 1943
(art) Made by: Preis, Eli 1943
No description available
Italian POW, Tobruk, 1943
(art) Made by: Preis, Eli 1943
No description available
Italian POWs at Carpenter's Shop, Tobruk, 1944
(art) Made by: Preis, Eli 1944
No description available